Due to variable Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, occurred.] holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. Start with the 1940 Census and work your way backwards. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with Many enslaved women were owned by small farmers and worked as domestic servants. It all happened at the 61Ninety West apartments just before . Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, hanging, beating, burning, mutilation, branding, rape, and imprisonment. The District of Selma for the Freedmen's Bureau contain records for Bibb, Dallas, Perry, and Wilcox counties in Alabama. FORMER SLAVES. Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. Before presuming an African American was a The state legislature conscripted soldiers and appropriated several million dollars for military operations and for the support of the families of soldiers. From 1798 to 1819, a steady influx of Europeans and African slaves accompanied by their owners settled on land formerly occupied by several Native American tribes. Learn how your comment data is processed. Category: Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery, Slaves of William Armistead, Clarke County, Alabama. widely and from region to region. Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list The links below provide an accurate reflection of what African American genealogy is available online. The actual number of slaveholders may be About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material This database provides a more poignant picture of what it was to live as a slave in the American South. 2009. transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manifests, 1807-1860. When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the, Alabama gained statehood during a period when. All Rights Reserved. [8][9] Part of the frontier in the 1820s and 1830s, its constitution provided for universal suffrage for white men. The county had numerous forts, built by settlers for protection during the Creek War (1813-1814). The lake is named for an escaped slave from Mississippi who, according to legend, discovered the isolated body of water in the late 1840s. This page was last modified 11:39, 10 October 2021. Baine, Rodney M. 1995. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War. Name index and images of slave schedules listing slave owners and only age, gender and color data of the slaves in cesus states or territories in 1850. [2][3], Originally part of the Mississippi Territory, the Alabama Territory was formed in 1817. Linkpendium! out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. Dallas, Montgomery Since the U.S. government was not in effective control of many of these territories until later in the war, many of these slaves proclaimed to be free by the Emancipation Proclamation were still held in servitude until those areas came back under Union control. enumerated, out of a total of 3,950,546 slaves nationwide. The outcome of the American Civil War ended slavery in Alabama. "Indian Slavery in Colonial Georgia. WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. Where did the freed slaves go who did not stay in this county? (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County Many of these settlers, who owned slaves before their move to Alabama, came in search of cheap, productive land on which to grow cotton. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. This transcription lists the names of those largest slaveholders in the County, the Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. The African slave trade was first brought to Alabama when the region was part of the French Louisiana Colony. This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. Most of the settlers came from the nearby states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, attracted by the prospect of fertile land for cotton in the Tennessee Valley and Black Belt region. supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of such age of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Plantation names were not shown on the census. PLEASE HELP! WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. total of 600 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. lots of duplication of plantation names. (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 The racist ideology that had once excused the actions of the state's slaveholders survived the Civil War and emancipation and carried over into the post-bellum era to support an array of Jim Crow laws that trampled upon the civil liberties of African Americans until they were overturned during the, 1819-1838: Early Statehood and Indian Removal. Where did After 148 years, Mississippi finally ratifies 13th Amendment, which banned slavery. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. indexes almost always do not include the slave census. Andrew Jackson Beard An Inventor (1849-1921) "Andrew Jackson Beard was born a slave on a plantation near Mt. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax In the midst of Jim Crow, segregation, and reconstruction, they built a free society controlled and run by Africans., I think that what this particular story is about is really the unity of the people who were on the ship, Diouf says. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. found on the 1870 census, then making the link to finding that ancestor as a slave requires Their exact status, whether free or enslaved, remains disputed. By the 1870 census, and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 The term County is used to describe the main We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 Slaves were most often beaten for working too slowly, stealing, running away, and disobeying owners or overseers. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the Black Belt region. Locate every ancestor and relative in every census in which they were alive (to the extent possible). Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Where Is The Best City To Meet Single Men? 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, 1930 United States Census on Internet Archive), National Archives Official 1940 Census Website, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration). the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 1,359 farms of 500-999 . Besides the various slave narratives . The schooner Clotilda smuggled African captives into the U.S. in 1860, more than 50 years after importing slaves was outlawed. This was the first time that slave infomation was captured as a separate schedule. Antonia is a firm believer in the power of education, and she is passionate about helping students reach their full potential. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. Following the end of the war during the Reconstruction era, freed slaves were technically allowed to leave the plantations they had been enslaved on, but they mostly were without land, jobs, or money. Embed <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/1860-slave-census-schedule-from-monroe-county-alabama/"><img src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/1860-census.jpg?w=640"></a> When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the states 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. What Airport Do You Fly Into For Starkville Ms? Many owners and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments such as whips and cat o'nine tails. Enter your email address to subscribe to this website and receive notifications of new posts by email. on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. 1850 Slave Schedules Clarke County (Source: Explore Ancestry for free) ($) Clarke County, Alabama 1860 slaveholders and 1870 African Americans (Source: Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870) United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850 Clarke County (Source: FamilySearch) Between 1860 and 1870, After the Clotildas voyage to Africa, Meaher burned the ship in the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta to destroy the evidence of the illegal journey. When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. FORMAT. (6,400%). population decreased about 10% to 7,253. Alabama became a part of the Mississippi Territory in 1798 after Indian cessions in north Alabama. Like its neighbors, the Alabama Territory was fertile ground for the surging cotton crop, and soon became one of the major destinations for African-American slaves who were being shipped to the Southeastern United States. Categories: Alabama History | United States of America, Slavery | Alabama. County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. ", Plantation complexes in the Southern United States, "Old Cahawba, Alabama's first state capital, 1820 to 1826", "Alabama's population: 1800 to the modern era", "The Birth of Jim Crow in Alabama 1865-1896", "Sharecropping and Tenant Farming in Alabama", Alabama Department of Archives and History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_slavery_in_Alabama&oldid=1128842893, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 December 2022, at 07:22. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. In Alabama, Meaher sold some of the Africans, but divided up most between himself, his two brothers and the ships captainnone of whom were ever convicted for their crimes. Required fields are marked *. Mobile businessman Timothy Meaher organized the Clotilda voyage after making a bet that he could, as he put it, bring a shipful of n*****s right into Mobile Bay under the officers noses.. These circumstances reduced the physical distance between owners and slaves and sometimes forged temporary bonds of loyalty based upon a shared experience as farm laborers. The schooner Clotilda, under the command of Captain William Foster and carrying a cargo of 124 Africans, arrived in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in July 1860. Unable to return to Africa after emancipation on June 19, 1865aka Juneteenththey left records and gave interviews about who they were and where they came from that survive today. Rebuffed by Meaher, the group resolved to work hard and save money in order to buy some land from him, which they did (Lewis noted dryly to Hurston that Meaher didnt even take off one five cent from de price for us.) With this and other land they purchased, they built a community called African Town. Thats something you have control over, Berry said. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. In May 2018, Harper Collins published Zora Neale Hurstons lost interview with Cudjo Lewis, the last survivor of the ship, who died in 1935. 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